From such crooked timber as humanity is made of, no straight thing was ever constructed.
Immanuel KantTwo things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe, the oftener and more steadily we reflect on them: the starry heavens above and the moral law within.
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The death of dogma is the birth of morality.
Immanuel KantMots clés morality death dogma
Whereas the beautiful is limited, the sublime is limitless, so that the mind in the presence of the sublime, attempting to imagine what it cannot, has pain in the failure but pleasure in contemplating the immensity of the attempt
Immanuel KantEnlightenment is man's release from his self-incurred tutelage. Tutelage is man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another. Self-incurred is this tutelage when its cause lies not in lack of reason but in lack of resolution and courage to use it without direction from another. Sapere aude! 'Have courage to use your own reason!'- that is the motto of enlightenment.
Immanuel KantMots clés truth reason philosophy courage understanding direction slave enlightenment tutelage
Laziness and cowardice are the reasons why so great a portion of mankind, after nature has long since discharged them from external direction (naturaliter maiorennes), nevertheless remains under lifelong tutelage, and why it is so easy for others to set themselves up as their guardians. It is so easy not to be of age. If I have a book which understands for me, a pastor who has a conscience for me, a physician who decides my diet, and so forth, I need not trouble myself. I need not think, if I can only pay - others will easily undertake the irksome work for me.
That the step to competence is held to be very dangerous by the far greater portion of mankind...
Mots clés reason nature mankind danger laziness cowardice competence tutelage pastor physician
One who makes himself a worm cannot complain afterwards if people step on him.
Immanuel KantBut to unite in a permanent religious institution which is not to be subject to doubt before the public even in the lifetime of one man, and thereby to make a period of time fruitless in the progress of mankind toward improvement, thus working to the disadvantage of posterity - that is absolutely forbidden. For himself (and only for a short time) a man may postpone enlightenment in what he ought to know, but to renounce it for posterity is to injure and trample on the rights of mankind.
Immanuel KantMots clés doubt progress enlightenment rights disadvantage posterity improvement forbidden fruitless injure religious-institution
An action, to have moral worth, must be done from duty.
Immanuel KantMots clés inspirational morality action duty
Look closely. The beautiful may be small.
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