اليوم لدى العلماء يقين بالتطور بنفس القدر الذى لديهم فى وجود الذرات، أو الكائنات المجهرية (الميكروبات) كسبب لأمراض المعدية.
Jerry A. Coyneوفقاً لقاموس أُكسفورد للإنجليزية، النظرية العلمية هى: "جملة لما يعتبر قوانين عامة، أو مبادئ، أو أسباب لشئ معروف أو مُلاحَظ
Jerry A. Coyneإن الانتخاب الطبيعي لا يُنتج الكمال، بل فقط تطويرات على ما وُجد من قبل. إنه يُنتج الأكثر ملائمةً مما قبل، لا الأكثر ملائمة على الإطلاق.
Jerry A. CoyneIDers argue that such traits, involving many parts that must cooperate for that trait to function at all, defy Darwinian explanation. Therefore, by default, they must have been designed by a supernatural agent. This is commonly called the "God of the gaps" argument, and it is an argument from ignorance. What it really says is that if we don't understand everything about how natural selection built a train, that lack of understanding itself is evidence for super-natural creation.
Jerry A. CoyneWe are the one creature to whom natural selection has bequeathed a brain complex enough to comprehend the laws that govern the universe. And we should be proud that we are the only species that has figured how we came to be.
Jerry A. CoyneIf the entire course of evolution were compressed into a single year, the earliest bacteria would appear at the end of March, but we wouldn't see the first human ancestors until 6 a.m. on December 31st. The golden age of Greece, about 500 BCE, would occur just thirty seconds before midnight.
Jerry A. CoyneMots clés science evolution analogy human-history
Life on earth evolved gradually beginning with one primitive life form – perhaps a self-replicating molecule – that lived more than 3.5 billion years ago; it then branched out over time, throwing off many new and diverse species; and the mechanism for most (but not all) of evolutionary change is natural selection.
Jerry A. CoyneMots clés evolution natural-selection
Which do you think is more valuable to humanity?
a. Finding ways to tell humans that they have free will despite the incontrovertible fact that their actions are completely dictated by the laws of physics as instantiated in our bodies, brains and environments? That is, engaging in the honored philosophical practice of showing that our notion of "free will" can be compatible with determinism?
or
b. Telling people, based on our scientific knowledge of physics, neurology, and behavior, that our actions are predetermined rather than dictated by some ghost in our brains, and then sussing out the consequences of that conclusion and applying them to society?
Of course my answer is b).
Mots clés science knowledge determinism society philosophy nature physics ghosts brains neurology laws-of-physics illusion-of-free-will
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