Only hidden and undetected oratory is really insidious. What reaches the heart without going through the mind is likely to bounce back and put the mind out of business.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: 198
Imaginative literature primarily pleases rather than teaches. It is much easier to be pleased than taught, but much harder to know why one is pleased. Beauty is harder to analyze than truth.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: 204
Человек, который много, но плохо читал, заслуживает скорее жалости, чем похвалы, за то, что так бездарно потратил время и усилия.
Mortimer J. AdlerIf your friend wishes to read your 'Plutarch's Lives,' 'Shakespeare,' or 'The Federalist Papers,' tell him gently but firmly, to buy a copy. You will lend him your car or your coat - but your books are as much a part of you as your head or your heart.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: friend friendship reading books sharing
Books are absent teachers.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: reading
If you are reading in order to become a better reader, you cannot read just any book or article. You will not improve as a reader if all you read are books that are well within your capacity. You must tackle books that are beyond you, or, as we have said, books that are over your head. Only books of that sort will make you stretch your mind. And unless you stretch, you will not learn.
Mortimer J. AdlerA good performance, like a human life, is a temporal affair—a process in time. It is good as a whole through being good in its parts, and through their good order to one another. It cannot be called good as a whole until it is finished. During the process all we can say of it, if we speak precisely, is that it is becoming good. The same is true of a whole human life. Just as the whole performance never exists at any one time, but is a process of becoming, so a human life is also a performance in time and a process of becoming. And just as the goodness that attaches to the performance as a whole does not attach to any of its parts, so the goodness of a human life as a whole belongs to it alone, and not to any of its parts or phases.
Mortimer J. AdlerI- A Primeira Etapa da Leitura Analítica: Regras para Descobrir de que se Trata um Livro
1. Classifique o livro de acordo com o tipo e o assunto
2. Diga de que se trata todo o livro com a máxima concisão.
3. Enumere as partes principais por ordem e segundo a relação que guardam entre si, e delineie essas partes da mesma forma que você delineou o todo.
4. Defina o problema ou os problemas que o autor tentou resolver.
II- A Segunda Etapa da Leitura Analítica: Regras para interpretar o Conteúdo de um Livro
5. Assimile os termos do autor interpretando-lhe as palavras-chave.
6. Aprenda as principais porposições do autor examinando-lhe os períodos mais importantes.
7. Conheça os argumentos do autor, descobrindo-os nas sequências dos períodos ou construindo-os à base dessas sequências.
8. Determine quais os problemas que o autor resolveu e quais os que não resolveu; e dentre estes, indique quais os que o autor sabia que não conseguiria resolver.
III- A Terceira Etapa da Leitura Analítica: Regras para Criticar um Livro encarado sob o prisma da Comunicação de Conhecimentos
A- Preceitos Gerais da Etiqueta Intelectual
9. Não comece a crítica enquanto não completar o delineamentoe a interpretação do livro. (Não diga que concorda, discorda ou suspende o julgamento enquanto não puder dizer “Entendo”.)
10. Não faça da discordância disputa ou querela.
11. Demonstre que reconhece a diferença entre conhecimento e mera opinião pessoal apresentando boas razões para qualquer julgamento crítico que venha a fazer.
B- Critérios Especiais para Tópicos de Crítica
12. Mostre em que ponto o autor está desinformado.
13. Mostre em que ponto o autor está mal informado.
14. Mostre em que ponto o autor é ilógico
15. Mostre em que ponto a análise ou explanação do autor é incompleta.
Tag: leitura
The best protection against propaganda of any sort is the recognition of it for what it is. Only hidden and undetected oratory is really insidious. What reaches the heart without going through the mind is likely to bounce back and put the mind out of business. Propaganda taken in that way is like a drug you do not know you are swallowing. The effect is mysterious; you do not know afterwards why you feel or think the way you do.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: reading thinking carefulness propaganda
... a practical problem can only be solved by action itself. When your practical problem is how to earn a living, a book on how to make friends and influence people cannot solve it, though it may suggest things to do. Nothing short of the doing solves the problem. It is solved only by earning a living.
Mortimer J. AdlerTag: reading work practicality limitations job
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